气动力/推力矢量复合控制空空导弹最佳转弯规律

针对气动力/推力矢量复合控制空空导弹大离轴角发射的快速转弯问题,根据bang-bang控制理论,给出了导弹终端弹道角受限情况下,以最大末速为性能指标的最佳转弯规律.针对空空导弹纯气动力控制和复合控制两种情况,分别进行了初制导弹道的设计和仿真.结果显示,在中空低速发射时,采用后者转弯性能明显高于纯气动力控制导弹,而当初速高于1.2 Ma时,二者转弯性能非常接近.     

基于惯导和雷达导引头的再入复合末制导方法研究

对基于惯导系统和雷达导引头的再入复合末制导方法进行了探讨研究。提出了通过利用雷达导引头测量信息 ,估计并修正惯导系统给出的战术弹道导弹再入飞行状态参数偏差 ,然后按其具有终端位置和角度约束的制导律实时进行导引控制的再入复合末制导方法。并通过数学仿真分析验证了方法的可行性。     

非奇异快速终端滑模及动态面控制的轨迹跟踪制导律

针对飞行器跟踪预设轨迹的问题,提出非奇异快速终端滑模和角度约束的轨迹跟踪制导律。通过引入虚拟目标点,提出参考轨迹曲率半径的期望视线角约束条件,建立带有视线角约束并考虑自动驾驶仪动态特性的轨迹跟踪数学模型。为了保证在有限时间内跟踪预设轨迹并避免出现奇异问题,采用快速非奇异终端滑模和动态面控制方法进行制导律设计。推导出视线角误差和轨迹跟踪误差之间的数学关系,并利用Lyapunov稳定性准则证明轨迹跟踪误差最终有界任意小。与弹道成型轨迹跟踪制导律进行仿真对比,仿真结果表明所提出的制导律具有良好的跟踪性能及鲁棒性。     

Right Intention and the Ends of War

The jus ad bellum criterion of right intention (CRI) is a central guiding principle of just war theory. It asserts that a country’s resort to war is just only if that country resorts to war for the right reasons. However, there is significant confusion, and little consensus, about how to specify the CRI. We seek to clear up this confusion by evaluating several distinct ways of understanding the criterion. On one understanding, a state’s resort to war is just only if it plans to adhere to the principles of just war while achieving its just cause. We argue that the first understanding makes the CRI superfluous, because it can be subsumed under the probability of success criterion. On a second understanding, a resort to war is just only if a state’s motives, which explain its resort to war, are of the right kind. We argue that this second understanding of the CRI makes it a significant further obstacle to justifying war. However, this second understanding faces a possible infinite regress problem, which, left unresolved, leaves us without a plausible interpretation of the CRI. This constitutes a significant and novel reason for leaving the CRI out of the international law of armed conflict (LOAC).     

加拿大移民法律及其对我国的启示

全球化形势下世界人口流动性日趋加强，各国的出入境（移民）管理工作面临更大的挑战。加拿大是一个老牌移民国家，由于历史传统原因，兼采英美法系和大陆法系立法技术，其移民法律体系十分完备，其中有许多可供我国借鉴的地方。     

基于趋近律的离散滑模位置跟踪控制

针对不确定对象的主要特点,运用离散滑模变结构理论探索不确定对象的位置跟踪问题。设计了一种离散趋近率滑模位置跟踪算法,推导了滑模控制的可达性条件。该算法以离散位置信号作为输入,设计了离散指数趋近率,根据系统当前的状态,有目的地调整控制器,采用离散Kalman滤波器对干扰和噪声进行滤波。经仿真研究,该算法不仅在无扰动无噪声条件下,能够准确的进行位置跟踪,而且在扰动和噪声时,具有较强的鲁棒性和抗干扰性,较好地满足了位置跟踪控制的要求。     

Disrupt and restraint: The evolution of cyber conflict and the implications for collective security

In the last decade, cyber conflict has become a main feature of international politics and a growing concern for strategic stability and collective security. Unfortunately, cyber conflict suffers from a lack of conceptual clarity about its impact on collective security and a lack of consensus among international actors on how to interpret it. This article proposes to understand cyber conflict as an evolving process driven by two factors: the way in which digital space is configured and the way in which tactical, organizational, strategic, and doctrinal characteristics related to cyber have been included in the field of national and international security. Both tend to encourage offensive behavior but also demonstrate features pointing to restraint.     

电偶腐蚀下非稳态扩散瞬时静电场分析

为分析在浓差极化条件下非稳态过程中的静电场分布情况，在斐克第二定律的基础上利用拉普拉斯变换求解电极表面氧浓度随时间的变化。通过法拉第定律分析受氧浓度控制下的电偶腐蚀电流密度，在此基础上利用电流元模型求解电解质溶液中任意位置处产生的瞬时电位及静电场强度，并通过实验验证结果的正确性。结果表明：浓差极化下的非稳态扩散传质产生的静电场及电位会随着时间的增加而逐渐减小，并最终达到稳态，且电流密度会随着氧的浓度减小而减小。     

Western drones and African security

While unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) have become a standard element of modern armed forces, African countries have been reluctant to acquire remotely piloted aircraft for military purposes until recently. This is mainly due to a lack of industrial capabilities and, for military purposes so far, procurement policies that have concentrated on small arms and light weapons, more prestigious armoured vehicles and combat aircraft. Moreover, counter-insurgency strategies in Africa tend to focus on manoeuvre warfare, co-opting rebels or fighting them using armed proxies. As a consequence, international counterterrorism operations against fanatical and reckless groups like al-Qaeda in the Islamic Maghreb and Boko Haram in sub-Saharan Africa are characterised by a strong dependence on Western forces providing UAV-based reconnaissance and, in some cases for the United States, military strikes by drones. This essay reviews some of the incentives and problems of the use of UAVs in the African context. Given the geographical and military conditions of asymmetric warfare in Africa, and potential problems concerning international law, ethical aspects of the use of arms, and civil–military relations notwithstanding, it is argued that African security forces should develop their own UAV capabilities by intensifying their cooperation with Western armed forces.     

消防设计审核范围探讨

根据我国现实情况和需要,结合相关法规规定要求,从维护法规的严肃性与权威性,保障消防监督执法的统一与规范出发,提出修改完善法规的原则性建议。